The guiding ideology that the party and the state must adhere to for a long time

Today’s world is undergoing drastic and profound changes, and contemporary China is engaged in a great struggle with many new historical characteristics. Walking on the magnificent journey of the new era, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has ushered in unprecedented bright prospects, but also faced unprecedented risks and tests. To fulfill the historical mission entrusted by the new era, Chinese communists must unswervingly adhere to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and enrich and develop this idea in practice with the times.

1. Deeply grasp the great significance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the guiding ideology of the Party and the state

“The true content of all epoch-making systems is the needs of the times that produced them. Each such system is based on the entire development of the country’s past, on the historical form of class relations and its political, moral, philosophical and other results.”1 Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the inheritance and development of Marxism- Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thinking of “three represents” and the scientific outlook on development. This thinking closely focuses on the new situation, new problems and new challenges faced by socialism with Chinese characteristics since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

From the combination of theory and practice, it creatively answers the major questions of the times of what kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics to uphold and develop in the new era and how to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, which is of great political, historical, theoretical, practical and world significance. In contemporary China, adhering to and developing Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is to truly adhere to and develop Marxism and scientific socialism. The great political significance of this ideology lies in the fact that it provides an irreplaceable and indispensable ideological guarantee and theoretical foundation for the formation, establishment and consolidation of the core position of Comrade Xi Jinping as the core of the Party Central Committee and the whole Party.

Marxism has always held that revolutionary leaders play a particularly important role in the development of history, which is consistent with respecting the initiative of the masses. As early as 1873, Engels profoundly revealed in “On Authority” the extreme importance of the authority of the party leader to the proletarian party. Lenin also pointed out that a fighting revolutionary party needs strong and authoritative leadership. The core of the Party should be composed of cultivated, capable, experienced and tested professional revolutionaries. However, the core of leadership of a Marxist political party has never been self-appointed or born, but has been formed and established in the test of practice, especially in the difficult test at a major historical turning point. Such a core of leadership must not only have the profound insight and strategic foresight of Marxist politicians, but also have the extraordinary theoretical attainments and profound cultural heritage of Marxist theorists. It is necessary not only to have the strong historical responsibility and fearless dedication of professional revolutionaries, but also to have the rich practical experience and outstanding leadership skills of strategic doers; it is necessary to prove practical leadership with the achievements of governing the country, and to demonstrate ideological leadership with scientific theories. It is necessary not only to let the masses of the people resolutely follow in action, but also to make the masses of the people consciously align themselves ideologically. Judging from historical practice, the formation and establishment of the leader of a Marxist political party and the advancement of the party’s guiding ideology with the times are interrelated, mutually dependent, interactive, and mutually complementary. Leaders create ideas, ideologically arm political parties, political parties guide the people, the people plunge into practice, and practice creates leaders; this is the basic law and internal logic of the development of Marxism and scientific socialism over the past 170 years. The more the theory created by the leader of a Marxist political party meets the needs of the times, the broader and more profound it is, the more it occupies the commanding height of ideology, the more pragmatic and effective it is, the more supreme theoretical authority it has, and the more solid and irreplaceable his leadership status and political authority will be.

In the history of the Communist Party of China, in the course of leading the Chinese revolution, Comrade Mao Zedong wrote one magnificent work after another on the Sinicization of Marxism, founded Mao Zedong Thought, which was recognized by the whole party and integrated Marxism with China’s reality, and established the position of Marxist theoretician and theoretical authority in the central leadership and the whole party, and this theoretical authority in turn guaranteed Comrade Mao Zedong’s position as the core of leadership in the whole party with its practical guidance. In the process of leading the people to promote reform and opening up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping successfully created socialism with Chinese characteristics, formed Deng Xiaoping Theory, and established its core position in the central leading collective. He clearly pointed out: “Any leadership collective must have a core, and leadership without a core is unreliable.“1 Comrade Xi Jinping is the core of the Party Central Committee and the core of the whole Party formed in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and the establishment of this status comes from the historic achievements and historic changes that he has made since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and also from the strong creativity, cohesion, combat effectiveness and leading force of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, which was mainly founded by him. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China named the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era after Comrade Xi Jinping and wrote it into the Party Constitution as a guiding ideology that the whole Party must adhere to for a long time, and the constitutional amendment adopted by the First Session of the 13th National People’s Congress enshrined this idea in the Constitution and became the guiding ideology that the whole Party and the whole country must adhere to for a long time. This is a conscious adherence to and scientific adherence to the Marxist concept of authority and leadership, the highest recognition of Comrade Xi Jinping’s ideological authority as the democratic backbone of the whole party and all ethnic groups in the country, and the most important political achievement and far-reaching historical contribution of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The great historical significance of this idea lies in the fact that its formation, development and extensive practice have made China the theoretical source, practical innovation and development guide of scientific socialism in the 21st century, and the mainstay of revitalizing world socialism. World socialism has gone through a historical process from utopia to science, from theory to practice, from practice in one country to development in many countries, from suffering serious setbacks to gradually coming out of the low tide and moving towards revitalization, and socialism with Chinese characteristics has become an important part of its unique practical exploration. 1 Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping, vol. 3, People’s Publishing House, 1993 edition, p. 310. China Aerospace Studies Institute 415 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era In the new era, Comrade Xi Jinping focused on the new great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics to carry out unremitting theoretical exploration, and formed Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. Under the guidance of this thinking, the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics has become broader and broader, not only promoting China’s all-round pioneering historical achievements in various undertakings and taking place profound and fundamental historical changes, but also using ironclad facts to forcefully counter the conspiracies and attempts to subvert socialism such as the “end of history”, so that scientific socialism in China in the 21st century will radiate unprecedented strong vitality and hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the world. Looking back at history, scientific socialism has revealed the law of the development of human society. It has pointed out the way for mankind to leap from the kingdom of necessity to the kingdom of freedom, pointed out the path for the working class and working people to achieve freedom and liberation, guided the independent liberation movement of a large number of nation-states such as China, and profoundly changed the development process of human society and the pattern of the entire world. Looking at the present, under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, socialism with Chinese characteristics has become the most promising and important component of world socialism in the 21st century, composing a brilliant chapter in the past 500 years of socialism, bringing about new and profound changes in the balance of forces between capitalism and socialism in the world, and reshaping the political and economic map of the world. It has created a new glory in the history of world socialism, greatly boosted the confidence of the people of the world in socialism, and brought bright prospects for the development of world socialism and the progress of human society. Looking forward to the future, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era will surely lead China to carry on the past and forge ahead into the decisive achievements of building a modern socialist power in an all-round way, and more eloquently prove the truth of scientific socialism and the strong advantages of the socialist system. The great theoretical significance of this thinking lies in the fact that it is the result of another historical leap in integrating Marxism with China’s reality, and is another dazzling peak of contemporary Chinese Marxism and Marxism in the 21st century. Social history is eternally developed, and theoretical innovation in grasping the law of social development is also endless. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era not only adheres to the basic principles of Marxism, but also adheres to emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and advancing with the times, which is a model of innovative development of Marxism, contemporary Chinese Marxism, and Marxism in the 21st century. China Aerospace Studies Institute 416 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era This ideology has integrated the unremitting pursuit of the Communist Party of China for more than 90 years, the arduous struggle of New China for more than 70 years, and the pioneering and innovative work of reform and opening up for more than 40 years with more than 170 years of arduous exploration in modern times and the development of civilization of the Chinese nation for more than 5,000 years. Mao Zedong Thought and the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics are connected, and a series of new concepts, ideas and strategies have been creatively put forward around the theme of adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, fully demonstrating its broad and profound ideological background and theoretical logic. This thinking focuses on the application of Marxist theory, on new practice and new developments, and has said many “new words” that no one has said before, thus making a major original contribution to the enrichment and development of Marxism. These original contributions are rich in content and systematically run through the three major components of Marxist philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism, covering all aspects and fields of the cause of the party and the state. In terms of philosophy, this ideology adheres to the world outlook methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, adheres to the fundamental position of taking the people as the center, creatively uses the viewpoint of practice, contradiction, the masses, and all- round development, and establishes strategic thinking, historical thinking, dialectical thinking, innovative thinking, legal thinking, and bottom-line thinking, giving Marxist philosophy a new connotation of the times; In terms of political economy, this idea delves into the trend of world economic development and the new situations and new problems facing our economy, and answers the questions that Marxist classic writers have not talked about, and our predecessors have never encountered. Many major theoretical and practical problems that Western economic theories have been unable to solve, made a major judgment that China’s economic development has entered a new normal, put forward a new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, established major strategic deployments such as deepening supply-side structural reform and building a modern economic system, and written a new chapter in Marxist political economy. In terms of the theory of scientific socialism, we have deepened our understanding of the path, theory, system and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and enriched and developed the essence, value stance, development stage, development momentum, construction layout, strategic arrangement and goal of socialism with Chinese characteristics with the times. It has greatly expanded the theoretical connotation of scientific socialism. These major theoretical innovations have pushed forward Marxism as a whole, in all aspects, and in all fields, and opened up a new realm for the development of Marxism. In today’s China, only Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and no other thought can solve China’s practical problems. China Aerospace Studies Institute 417 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era The fundamental practical significance of this idea lies in the fact that it has brought socialism with Chinese characteristics into a new era and provided theoretical guidance and action guidelines for building a modern and powerful socialist country in an all-round way and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is rooted in the Chinese land, reflects the will of the people, adapts to the characteristics of the new era and the requirements of China’s development and progress, is a theoretical summary and theoretical sublimation of the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and is a powerful ideological weapon of Marxism that comes from practice, has been tested by practice and guides practice. This ideology adheres to the unity of goal- oriented and problem-oriented, deeply examines the problems encountered in the current and long- term, partial and overall, theory and practice, puts forward strategic ideas and measures, and provides scientific guidance for coping with major challenges, resisting major risks, overcoming major resistances and resolving major contradictions. In terms of overall orientation, this thinking profoundly answers a series of fundamental questions such as what banner the Communist Party of China should raise, what road to take, what mental state it should take, what historical mission it should undertake, and what goal of struggle it would achieve, and once again declare to the world that China will neither follow the old road of closure and rigidity, nor take the evil road of changing the banner, but will unswervingly take the clear position of unswervingly following the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and point out the way forward for China in the new era. In terms of strategic deployment, these three ideas connect the great struggle, the great project, the great cause, and the great dream, put forward the overall layout of the “five-in-one” and the coordinated promotion of the “four comprehensive” strategic layout, and carry out top-level design and systematic planning in important aspects such as reform, development, stability, internal and foreign affairs, national defense, and party and military management, thus providing a strategic guiding bow for the realization of the “two centenary goals.” In terms of practical requirements, this ideology emphasizes that all comrades in the party must take a long-term view, be prepared for danger in times of peace, be bold in making changes and innovations, never become rigid and never stagnate, always breathe with the people, share a common destiny, and link hearts with hearts, and continue to forge ahead toward the grand goal with an unslackening mental state and an indomitable stance of struggle. The fundamental significance of this idea in the world lies in the fact that it provides a brand-new path choice for countries and nations in the world that wish to accelerate development while maintaining their independence, and contributes Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to solving human problems. Great ideas are never narrowly closed, but run through the world’s vision, world consciousness, and world feelings. China Aerospace Studies Institute 418 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is based on China, taking the happiness of the Chinese people and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as its sacred mission and main purpose; at the same time, facing the world, it is his unshirkable responsibility and responsibility to strive for the cause of human progress and make new and greater contributions to mankind. In today’s world, challenges such as governance deficit, trust deficit, peace deficit and development deficit are emerging one after another, problems such as the gap between the rich and the poor, terrorism, climate change and other problems are emerging one after another, the international political and economic system dominated by Western capitalist developed countries is full of drawbacks, and the global governance system is undergoing profound changes. In the face of the complex and changeable international situation, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, with a broad vision and strategic thinking, clearly puts forward a series of new concepts, ideas and propositions on the future and destiny of mankind, providing new directions, new plans and new choices for the development of human society. This idea clearly puts forward the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind, advocates and promotes the “Belt and Road”, advocates the use of economic methods and the bond of interests to closely aggregate countries along the route, and realizes policy communication, facility connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration and people-to-people bonds, contributing Chinese wisdom to promoting global governance and further enhancing the political leading role of the Communist Party of China in solving major human problems. This idea has broken the situation that the Western modernization model has been “fixed on one statue” since modern times, opened up a new way for developing countries to achieve modernization, provided Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions for mankind’s exploration of a better social system, and greatly encouraged the confidence of developing countries to explore a development path that suits their national conditions, especially for those developing countries that blindly adopt the Western political system and fall into the quagmire. The Chinese path advocated by this ideology is not only a path of political development and social development, but also a path of civilization development, which brings an ancient civilization that has lasted for thousands of years without interruption to the center of the world stage with a new attitude, manifests the light of Chinese civilization, further enriches the diversity of human civilization, and demonstrates the ideological power of making civilizational exchanges transcend civilizational barriers, mutual learning between civilizations transcend civilizational conflicts, and civilizational coexistence surpass civilizational superiority. Under the guidance of this thinking, the Communist Party of China, as a great political party, China as a great country and the Chinese nation as a great nation, while planning and realizing its own development and progress, will also have a comprehensive and profound impact on the world and forcefully promote the noble cause of mankind’s pursuit of peace and development. China Aerospace Studies Institute 419 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era 2. Strive to master the Marxist standpoints and viewpoints that run through it To learn and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we must not only seriously understand its rich connotation, ideological system and practical requirements, but also further deeply understand and master the Marxist positions and views and methods that run through it, so as to know what is true and why it is. Only in this way can we continuously improve our ability to use dialectical materialism and historical materialism to observe and analyze problems, and continuously improve our ability to use Marxist ideological methods and working methods to understand and transform the world. First, adhere to the fundamental position of people-centeredness. The people’s stand is the fundamental political stand of Marxism. Always standing on the people’s standpoint, not departing from this position, and not wavering is a major issue in mastering the Marxist world outlook, and it is also a major issue to be solved in studying and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. As contemporary Chinese Marxism and 21st century Marxism, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, on the basis of adhering to the fundamental position of Marxism, explains the value purpose of “people- centered”, which is the inheritance and development of Marxist value pursuit, and a clear expression of the Chinese communists’ never forget their original intention and remember their mission. In terms of values, this idea puts the “people” in the highest position in governing the country, and is epitomized as putting the people first, for the people, relying on the people, and judging by the people. In terms of strategic layout, this idea has always adhered to the standpoint of the people and carried out strategic planning: to build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, “the people’s living standards and quality of life will be generally improved” as one of the basic goals; The starting point and foothold of comprehensively deepening reform is to promote social fairness and justice and improve the well-being of the people; Comprehensively governing the country according to law emphasizes the need to let the people feel fairness and justice in every judicial case; comprehensively administering the party strictly, focusing on solving the virus that erodes the healthy body of the party and the prominent problems that the people strongly resent, and further consolidating and deepening the flesh-and-blood ties between the party and the people. On the path of implementation, this idea firmly grasps the people’s yearning for a better life, and implements the people-centered development thinking in the entire process and all aspects of socialist modernization: economic construction pays more attention to improving the people’s material living standards, political construction pays more attention to ensuring that the people are masters of the country with a sound system and system, and cultural construction pays more attention to satisfying the people’s multifaceted and multifaceted needs. Multi-level spiritual and cultural needs, social construction pays more attention to ensuring and improving people’s livelihood, and ecological civilization construction pays more attention to meeting people’s needs for a beautiful ecological environment. China Aerospace Studies Institute 420 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era Second, adhere to the ideological line of seeking truth from facts. Seeking truth from facts is the fundamental viewpoint of Marxism, the fundamental requirement for Chinese communists to understand and transform the world, and the basic ideological method, work method, and leadership method of our party. The ideological line of seeking truth from facts embodies the world outlook and methodology of Marxist philosophy, and its theoretical basis is the “principle of the unity of the world’s material” and “the principle of dialectical unity of human understanding and practice.” “Facts” are all things that exist objectively, “is” is the internal relationship of objective things, that is, objective laws, and “seeking” means exploring and studying. Comrade Xi Jinping profoundly expounded the great significance of adhering to seeking truth from facts, profoundly expounded the relationship between seeking truth from facts as the fundamental ideological method of our party and Marxist philosophy, and emphasized that “we must consciously strengthen the belief in seeking truth from facts, enhance the ability to seek truth from facts, and always and everywhere keep seeking truth from facts in mind and put it into practice.”1 The basis for persisting in seeking truth from facts lies in understanding “facts,” that is, understanding reality and grasping the facts. In the face of the complex and ever-changing domestic and international situations and new problems that are emerging one after another, the most fundamental requirement for persisting in seeking truth from facts is to persist in proceeding from reality in everything. The biggest national condition and reality of contemporary China is that China is still in the primary stage of socialism, which is the objective basis for us to understand the present, plan for the future, formulate policies, and promote the cause, and is the general basis for building socialism with Chinese characteristics. Comrade Xi Jinping pointed out: “When we think about problems, make decisions, and do things, we must not forget or ignore the basic national conditions and basic characteristics of the primary stage of socialism in our country.“2 “Under all circumstances, we must firmly grasp this maximum national condition, and promote reform and development in all aspects must be firmly based on this greatest reality.” We must always keep in mind the primary stage not only in economic construction, but also in political, cultural, social and ecological civilization construction; not only when the economic aggregate is low, but also after the economic aggregate is improved, we must still keep in mind the primary stage; 1 Xi Jinping on Governing the Country, Volume 1, Foreign Languages Publishing House, 2018, p. 26. 2 Xi Jinping, “Adhere to the Ideological Line of Seeking Truth from Facts,” Study Times, May 28, 2012. China Aerospace Studies Institute 421 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era Not only should we base ourselves on the initial stage when planning for long-term development, but we must also keep the initial stage in mind in our daily work.1 At the same time, objective reality is not static, but constantly evolving. Proceeding from reality, we must also accurately grasp the phased characteristics of China’s economic and social development, accurately grasp the new changes and new characteristics of different stages of development, and make the subjective world better conform to the objective reality of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. The key to persisting in seeking truth from facts lies in “seeking truth”, that is, exploring and mastering the law of the development of things. Law is the intrinsic, essential, and inevitable connection of things themselves, and it is the inevitable trend of development. Respecting the law, following the law, and constantly deepening the understanding and grasp of the law are a major feature of the governance of the country by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era itself is the result of scientifically grasping objective laws, and it is “sought” by exploring the “facts” of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. This ideology upholds the organic unity of governing the country with party building and deepens the understanding of the law governing the Communist Party; upholds the basic principles of scientific socialism with the reality of China and the characteristics of the times and deepens the understanding of the law governing socialist construction; upholds the organic unity of China’s development and the development of human society, and deepens the understanding of the law governing the development of human society. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era epitomizes our party’s new understanding of the “three laws”, provides a fundamental basis for adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and is the action guide for the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country to strive for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Third, adhere to materialist dialectics. Materialist dialectics reveals the characteristics of the universal connection and eternal development of the material world, requires people to fully use dialectical methods to observe and deal with problems in the process of understanding the world and transforming the world, and is the basic method for us to observe the world, judge the situation, and understand problems. The essence and core of materialist dialectics is the law of unity of opposites, that is, to recognize contradictions, analyze contradictions, resolve contradictions, grasp unity in opposition, grasp opposition in unity, so as to achieve the purpose of analyzing and solving problems. Comrade Xi Jinping emphasized: “Learn to master the fundamental method of materialist dialectics, continuously enhance the ability of dialectical thinking, and improve the ability to control complex situations and deal with complex problems.” 1 Selected Important Documents Since the 18th National Congress (Part I), Central Literature Publishing House, 2014 edition, page 76. China Aerospace Studies Institute 422 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era “The deeper our career goes, the more we must continue to strengthen our ability to think critically.1 He grasped the most fundamental principle of materialist dialectics, the law of unity of opposites, paid attention to applying dialectical thinking to strategic planning, and persisted in observing things in a developmental rather than static, comprehensive rather than one-sided, systematic rather than piecemeal, and universally linked rather than single and isolated manner; properly handled the relationship between the local and the overall situation, the present and the long-term, and the key and non-key points, paid attention to grasping the critical issues related to the overall situation, long- term development, and the people’s well-being, and pursued advantages and avoided disadvantages in weighing the pros and cons. Make the most advantageous strategic choices. In practical application, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era not only emphasizes two points but also focuses on key points; it not only pays attention to overall planning, “playing the piano with ten fingers”, but also is good at highlighting key points, grasping key points, leading areas with points, and driving overall advancement and overall work with key breakthroughs, providing us with effective methods and “keys” for understanding problems, analyzing problems and solving problems. Methodology is the theoretical basis of the way of thinking, and the way of thinking is the specific application of methodology. Comrade Xi Jinping attaches great importance to the mastery and application of Marxist methodology, creatively combines Marxist methodology with traditional Chinese cultural wisdom and modern scientific thinking methods, and clarifies the basic connotations and principles of strategic thinking, historical thinking, dialectical thinking, innovative thinking, rule of law thinking, bottom-line thinking and other ways of thinking in the new era. Strategic thinking is a way of thinking that is far-sighted, takes charge of the overall situation, and is good at grasping the overall trend and direction of the development of things; historical thinking is a way of thinking that knows the past and learns from the present, and is good at using historical vision to understand the law of development, grasp the direction of progress, and guide practical work; dialectical thinking is to be good at grasping the key and pinpointing the key points, grasping the law of development of things in the process of the unity of opposites between the two sides of the contradiction, and preventing extreme and one-sided thinking methods; innovative thinking means breaking superstitions, transcending stereotypes, and being good at adapting measures to the times and conditions. Thinking about the rule of law is a way of thinking that enhances the awareness of respecting the law and abiding by the law and being good at using the rule of law to govern the country; bottom-line thinking is a way of thinking that objectively sets the lowest goal, bases itself on the lowest point, and strives for the greatest expectations. In the practice of building a modern and powerful socialist country in an all-round way, 1 Xi Jinping: “Dialectical Materialism is the World View and Methodology of Chinese Communists”, Qiushi, No. 1, 2019. China Aerospace Studies Institute 423 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era Comrade Xi Jinping unified these scientific ways of thinking, emphasized strategic thinking to lay out the overall situation, historical thinking to view the general trend, dialectical thinking to grasp the fundamentals, innovative thinking to increase vitality, rule of law thinking to seek good governance, bottom-line thinking to make up for shortcomings, formed a new era of scientific thinking methodology, endowed the materialist dialectic ideological methods and working methods with new era connotation and practical value, and creatively elevated the application of Marxist methodology to a new realm. Fourth, adhere to the practical concept of integrating understanding the world and transforming the world. The practical perspective is the primary basic viewpoint of Marxist philosophy, and it is also the basic theoretical character of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. Marxist philosophy is not only committed to explaining the world, but also to transforming it. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era was founded to change the historical destiny of the contemporary Chinese people and even mankind, and was formed in the great practice of the Communist Party of China in uniting and leading the people from prosperity to strength. Highlighting problem-orientation is the realistic premise of the scientific outlook on practice. The practice of governing the country by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core is generally centered on analyzing and solving problems. Comrade Xi Jinping pointed out: “We must have a strong sense of problems, be guided by major issues, grasp key issues for further research and thinking, and focus on promoting the resolution of a series of prominent contradictions and problems facing our country’s development.” We Chinese Communists have always engaged in revolution, construction, and reform for the purpose of solving China’s practical problems. 1 Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era takes what we are doing as the center, focuses on the major theoretical and practical issues facing our party, the practical problems of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, the hot and difficult issues that the people care about, and the issues of common concern to the international community, actively provides effective solutions to problems, and adheres to and develops the practical character of Marxist philosophy. Promoting theoretical innovation on the basis of practice is an important connotation of the scientific outlook on practice. The understanding of the laws of objective things can only be done in practice. Practice determines understanding, is the source and driving force of understanding, is also the purpose and destination of understanding, and the fundamental thing is to rely on practice to produce true knowledge. Comrade Xi Jinping uses the Marxist outlook on practice, proceeding from the changing reality, and insists on summarizing and summarizing and sublimating the theory of fresh and rich practical experience; 1 Selected Important Documents Since the 18th National Congress (Part I), Central Literature Publishing House, 2014 edition, page 497. China Aerospace Studies Institute 424 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era And he has continuously promoted theoretical innovation on the basis of practice, so that Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era has a solid practical foundation and practical support. At the same time, this idea has been tested in practice and has continued to develop, guiding the process of China’s reform and opening up and socialist modernization, and realizing the benign interaction between theoretical innovation and practical innovation. Persisting in doing solid work is the fundamental requirement of the scientific outlook on practice. Comrade Xi Jinping has repeatedly stressed advocating practical work, vigorously avoiding empty talk, making one point of deployment and nine points of implementation, stepping on stones to leave a mark, and grasping iron with traces; clearly requiring that implementation be grasped in the spirit of nails and comprehensively enhancing the ability to pay close attention to implementation; vigorously advocating adhering to the unity of knowledge and action, taking the initiative to take action, doing in a down-to-earth manner, and walking in the forefront; clearly putting forward that happiness is achieved by struggle, and we must maintain the mental state of arduous struggle, unremitting struggle, and continuous struggle; and so on. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era flexibly uses the practical methodology that unifies theory and practice and unifies knowledge and action, and earnestly combines the party’s lofty goals and struggle program with down-to-earth and hard work. It is precisely in the vivid practice of leading the people to take charge of the great struggle, great project, great cause, and great dream that our party has “rolled up its sleeves and worked hard” with practical actions and handed over a satisfactory answer to history and the people. 3. Promote the study and implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and continuously achieve practical results The party’s historical experience and actual development tell us that without the great study of the whole party, there will be no great development of the cause. “The Chinese Communists have relied on study to get to this day, and they must also rely on study to move into the future.1 In the new era, studying and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the primary political task of the whole party and the whole country. It is necessary to pay attention to learning, understanding, understanding and doing practical work, adhere to comprehensive and systematic study, timely follow-up study, in-depth thinking, and practical study, and effectively unify thinking and action with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. The party’s leading cadres at all levels should take the lead in studying, put themselves, their duties, and their work into it, so as to ensure that study and thinking are thoroughly applied, knowledge and belief are unified, and they can truly learn to be loyal to the party. 1 Xi Jinping on Governing the Country, Volume 3, Foreign Languages Publishing House, 2020 Edition, page 540. China Aerospace Studies Institute 425 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era We should study and truly understand the true faith and apply them to promote the whole party to achieve better and more practical study results. “The highest virtue in the world is greater than loyalty.” “Loyalty to the party is an excellent character that communists must have, and it is also an important value position and spiritual background that runs through Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.” Loyalty to the party is not abstract but concrete, not conditional but unconditional. Learning to be loyal to the Party must be embodied in loyalty to the Party’s beliefs. It is necessary to strengthen our faith in Marxism and in socialism and communism, build a solid foundation of faith, replenish the calcium of the spirit, stabilize the rudder of thinking, refine the “body of King Kong”, and truly become firm believers and loyal practitioners of the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Learning to be loyal to the Party must be reflected in loyalty to the Party organization. It is necessary to firmly establish the “four consciousnesses”, resolutely safeguard the core position of General Secretary Xi Jinping of the Party Central Committee and the whole Party, resolutely safeguard the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, strictly abide by the Party’s political discipline and political rules, and maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee in ideology, politics, and action; and always “remember that your first identity is a member of the Communist Party and your first duty is to work for the Party”,1 always put the party in the highest position in the heart, and at all times be of one heart and one mind with the party. Learning to be loyal to the party must be embodied in loyalty to the party’s theories, lines, principles, and policies. It is necessary to consciously arm the mind, guide practice, and promote work with the achievements of the party’s theoretical innovations, and earnestly transform the results of study into conscious action and social practice; it is necessary to comprehensively implement the party’s line, principles, and policies, so as to ensure that the party Central Committee’s call is resolutely responded to, the requirements are resolutely complied with, the prohibitions are resolutely refused, and the arrangements are resolutely implemented, so as to ensure the unimpeded implementation of the central decrees. Learn the feelings of the people. The people’s will is the greatest politics, and the people’s position is the most fundamental position. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era comes from, for, and relies on the people, vividly interprets the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly, fully demonstrates the value orientation of people-oriented and people-oriented, and deeply practices the ruling philosophy of building the party for the public and ruling for the people, which is a scientific theory truly written in the hearts of hundreds of millions of people. To deeply understand the feelings of the people that run through them, it is necessary to put the people in the highest position ideologically, adhere to the people’s dominant position, respect the people’s initiative, and pay attention to drawing wisdom and strength from the masses of the people. 1 “Digest of Xi Jinping’s Expositions on Comprehensively Managing the Party Strictly”, Central Literature Publishing House, 2016 edition, page 101. China Aerospace Studies Institute 426 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era “Whether the people support or disapprove , whether they approve or disapprove, whether they are happy or unhappy, and whether they agree or not agree are the fundamental criteria for measuring the gains and losses of all work"1 To deeply understand the people’s feelings that run through it, it is necessary to implement the people-centered development thinking in terms of policy arrangements, adhere to the principle that development is for the people, development depends on the people, and the fruits of development are shared by the people, do more things that are convenient for the people, benefit the people and benefit the people, and embody the people- centered value scale in all links of economic and social development and implement it in various specific policies. To profoundly understand the people’s feelings that run through them, it is necessary to always conform to the people’s yearning for a better life in terms of the implementation of work, realize, safeguard, and develop well the fundamental interests of the broadest masses of the people, think about what the people think, be anxious about the people’s concerns, and worry about the people’s worries, strive to solve the problems of the people’s vital interests, and constantly enhance the people’s sense of gain, happiness, and security. Learn to take responsibility. Cadres dare to take on responsibilities, which is not only political character, but also political duty. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era focuses on answering contemporary China’s practice and issues of the times, and reflects a strong sense of responsibility and spirit of responsibility and responsibility in all aspects. To learn to take responsibility, the premise is to find the correct position in grasping the overall situation. It is necessary to establish a sense of the overall situation, bear in mind the overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, accurately grasp the overall situation of the work of the party and the state, soberly understand the period of important strategic opportunities and the severe challenges faced, be good at finding their respective positions in grasping the overall situation, be good at planning career development in grasping the overall situation, be good at strengthening responsibility in grasping the overall situation, and be good at improving the ability to perform duties in grasping the overall situation. The key to learning to take responsibility lies in the unity of knowledge and action, and really doing hard work. It is necessary to persist in applying what we have learned, using it to promote learning, and learning from each other, truly transform the results of study into concrete actions to grasp implementation, always keep in mind the truth of “empty talk misleads the country, practical work to prosper the country”, implement well the requirement of “one point of deployment and nine points of implementation”, take the responsibility of guarding the land with responsibility, be responsible for defending the territory, and fulfill the responsibility of guarding the land, be in his position, seek his administration, do practical things, and seek practical results, and take new actions to open up a new situation in the development of his cause. Learn to take responsibility, the focus is on showing a new atmosphere in undertaking urgent, difficult, dangerous and heavy tasks. It is necessary to bear in mind the great trust placed in us by the party and the people, carry forward the spirit of struggle, enhance the ability to struggle, and “dare to show our sword in the face of major right and wrong, dare to rise to difficulties in the face of contradictions, dare to stand up in the face of crises, dare to assume responsibility in the face of mistakes, and dare to resolutely struggle in the face of unhealthy trends and evil tendencies.” 1 Xi Jinping: “Speech at the Celebration of the 95th Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China”, People’s Publishing House, 2016 edition, p. 18. China Aerospace Studies Institute 427 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era Stand up and stand up at critical moments, and strive to make achievements worthy of the times, people and history. 1 Acquire the level of competence. Leading cadres must not only have broad shoulders to shoulder responsibilities, but also have the true ability to accomplish things. The fundamental purpose of studying Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is to enhance work skills and improve the ability to solve practical problems. To raise the level of capacity, first and foremost to improve political capacity. It is necessary to take a clear-cut stand and stress politics as the first requirement, constantly strengthen political experience, accumulate political experience, consciously stress politics throughout the entire process of tempering party spirit, and match one’s political ability with the leadership responsibilities they hold; they must be good at observing problems and planning work politically, and “pay attention to improving political ability, especially the ability to grasp the direction, the general trend, and the overall situation, and the ability to maintain political concentration, control the political situation, and prevent political risks” 2 To improve the level of ability, the focus should be on improving the ability of theoretical thinking. It is necessary to systematically study and study Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, focus on understanding the Marxist positions, viewpoints and methods that run through it, be good at grasping and applying scientific ways of thinking and ideological methods, pay attention to transforming ideological methods into leadership methods and working methods, and continuously improve the ability and level of discovering problems, analyzing problems and solving problems. Improving the level of competence must ultimately be implemented in improving the ability to work. It is necessary to strengthen the awareness of problems, establish problem-orientation, continuously improve leadership art, improve work methods, and effectively transform learning results into a thinking mode of precise efforts and solving problems, into the ability to pioneer and innovate and overcome difficulties, and into practical actions to perform duties and do a good job. 4. Continuously enrich and develop Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the great practice of the new era The vitality of theory lies in continuous innovation, and promoting the continuous development of Marxism is the sacred duty of Chinese communists. Comrade Xi Jinping pointed out that under the conditions of the new era, 1 Xi Jinping on Governing the Country, Volume 3, Foreign Languages Publishing House, 2020, p. 522. 2 Xi Jinping: “Speech at the First Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China”, Qiushi, No. 1, 2018. China Aerospace Studies Institute 428 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era “It is still necessary to maintain and carry forward the theoretical character of a Marxist party that keeps pace with the times and have the courage to promote theoretical innovation on the basis of practice"1 Contemporary China is experiencing the most extensive and profound social changes, and is also carrying out the most grand and unique practical innovation in human history, which provides a strong impetus and broad space for theoretical exploration and creation. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is a scientific theoretical system with distinct and open character, which will surely deepen the understanding of the laws governing the Communist Party, socialist construction and the development of human society in the magnificent and magnificent practice of the new era, and constantly open up a new realm of contemporary Chinese Marxism and Marxism in the 21st century. It has been constantly enriched and developed in the new great project of promoting party building. The profound changes in Shiqian’s national conditions and party conditions have put forward higher requirements for the party to scientifically grasp the trend of the times and conform to the wishes of the people, and have put forward higher requirements for the party’s ability and determination to set directions, seek overall interests, formulate policies, and promote reform. The more important the mission and the more arduous the task, the more it is necessary to continue to promote the new great project of party building, continuously improve the party’s ruling ability and leadership level, and enhance its ability to resist corruption and degeneration, and resist risks. At what stage the cause of the party and the people has developed, the new great project of party building will be advanced, and the party’s theory will also develop. Party building is a never-ending process of dynamic development, which determines that the Party’s theoretical innovation is always on the road. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is a scientific theoretical guidance and action guide for realizing the long-term rule of the Party and the long-term peace and stability of the country. It is bound to be constantly enriched and developed along with new explorations in party building. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the general requirements and key tasks of party building in the new era, and made top-level design and strategic arrangements for promoting party building. These requirements and tasks are not only an important part of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, but also constitute the practical foundation and practical source for the continuous innovation and development of this thought itself. The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has consistently promoted the new great project of Party building, and will certainly continue to deeply answer and solve the historical issues of the Party in managing the Party under the condition of long-term ruling in the process of studying new situations and solving new problems, and continue to improve the Party’s politics and ideology. New theoretical creations have been made in various aspects such as organization, work style, discipline, anti- corruption and clean government, systems, and ruling capacity building, and constantly deepened the understanding of the ruling law of the Communist Party, so as to provide useful reference for the governance of major parties and major countries and the political development of political parties in the world. 1 Xi Jinping on Governing the Country, Volume 2, Foreign Languages Publishing House, 2017, p. 62. China Aerospace Studies Institute 429 Translation published Fall 2023Basic Issues of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era We will continue to enrich and develop the cause of adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. “Marxism must continue to develop with the development of the times, practice, and science, and cannot remain static, and socialism has always advanced in exploration.1 On the one hand, the more the socialist cause advances and develops, the more new situations and problems it will have, and the more risks and challenges it will face; on the other hand, socialism in our country is still in its initial stage, there are still many problems that have not yet been clarified and difficult problems to be solved, and the understanding and handling of many major issues are still in the process of constantly deepening. All this requires a new scientific answer from a theoretical perspective. Standing at a new historical starting point, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core will certainly continue to base itself on China’s reality, examine the contemporary development of Marxism with a high degree of theoretical consciousness and theoretical self- confidence, and respond to the new expectations for theoretical innovation in the further development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. On the basis of refining and sublimating practical experience, new ideas, new viewpoints and new theories are put forward, and the understanding of the law of socialist construction is continuously deepened with new visions, new words and new creations, and continues to inject new era content into the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It can be said that the process of winning the great victory of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era is the process of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the process of ushering in bright prospects for the scientific socialist movement, and the process of continuous enrichment and development of the party’s theory. It has been continuously enriched and developed in the process of promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind. In the 21st century, the world pattern is in the process of accelerating its evolution, giving rise to a large number of profound and complex practical problems and putting forward a large number of theoretical topics that need to be answered urgently. Continuously contributing Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to better advance the cause of human progress is itself an important content of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.