The great rejuvenation of China

2. The inherent requirements of China’s actual development

Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the main contradictions in our society have been transformed, but the basic national conditions of our country that are still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain for a long time have not changed

China’s international status as the world’s largest developing country has not changed, and development remains the foundation and key to solving all China’s problems. To build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and realize the “two centenary goals”, it is still necessary to take development as the first priority, take economic construction as the center, and continue to promote all-round economic and social development. However, development must be scientific and adhere to the new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing.

The new development concept is a fundamental policy for China’s economic development into the new normal. China’s economy has entered a new normal and encountered a series of new situations and contradictions.

From a domestic point of view, China’s economic development is in the node of economic development speed shifting, economic development structural adjustment node and economic development power conversion node. The downward pressure on the economy has increased, the driving force formed by low-cost resources and factor investment has weakened significantly, and economic growth needs a stronger driving force. Under the new normal, China’s economic development is facing a shift in growth rate from high-speed growth to medium-high- speed growth, a shift in development mode from scale and speed to quality and efficiency, economic restructuring from incremental capacity expansion to stock adjustment, optimization and increment, and development momentum from mainly relying on resources and low-cost labor and other factors to innovation-driven. These changes are the necessary process for China’s economy to evolve to a stage with a more advanced form, a more optimized division of labor, and a more reasonable structure. From an international point of view, China’s export advantages and participation in the international industrial division of labor model are facing new challenges. In 2008, the international financial crisis broke out, the world economy entered a period of deep adjustment, and the development of global trade entered a period of downturn, resulting in a slowdown in the growth rate of China’s export demand. At the same time, from the historical experience of some world trading countries, as China’s exports of goods account for more than 10% of the world’s total, the turning point of China’s export growth has arrived, and it is impossible to maintain high export growth and a high proportion of exports to GDP in the future. This requires more economic growth to be driven by innovation and expanding domestic demand, especially consumer demand. In the face of new changes in the international and domestic situation, it is obviously not feasible to follow the extensive development model and simply pursue the growth rate, and we must establish a new development concept to lead and promote China’s economy from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage.

The new development concept is a strategic guide for the prominent problems and challenges facing China’s development. After unremitting efforts in the 70 years since the founding of New China, especially in the more than 40 years of reform and opening up, China is generally in the period of “after development”, and the interrelatedness, superposition and complexity of various contradictions and problems are becoming more and more prominent. For example, although China has become the world’s second largest economy, the problems of large but not strong economy, fast but not excellent economic growth have not been solved

Economic development still relies heavily on resources and labor and other factors to invest in people, the driving force of innovation is not enough, the innovation ability is not strong, and the situation in which core technologies in key areas are subject to people has not fundamentally changed; the problem of uncoordinated development in urban and rural areas is still relatively prominent, the level and layout of productivity in different regions and different fields are very uneven, there are still insufficient development problems in some regions, some fields, and some aspects, and the development task is still very heavy; the carrying capacity of the environment has reached or is close to the upper limit, and it is difficult to bear high consumption. With extensive development, the pressure on the ecological environment has not been fundamentally alleviated; the level of China’s opening up to the outside world is not high on the whole, the ability to make good use of the two markets and resources at home and abroad is not strong enough, the ability to deal with international economic and trade frictions and win the right to speak in the international economy is still relatively weak, and the ability to use international economic and trade rules is not strong enough; there is still a problem of imbalance between economic growth and improvement of people’s livelihood in development, there are still many shortcomings in the field of people’s livelihood, the task of poverty alleviation is arduous, the gap in income distribution is still large, and the masses are still in employment, education, medical care, housing, There are still many problems in the elderly, and the people’s sense of gain and happiness still needs to be improved. These problems must be resolved in the process of building a modern and powerful socialist country. The new development concept is put forward in response to these problems and is the right solution to development problems and sustainable development.

In short, development is a process of constant change, the development environment will not remain static, the development conditions will not remain static, and the development concept will naturally not remain static. Innovating development concepts in a timely manner according to changes in the development environment and development conditions is an inherent requirement for coping with development problems and creating a new situation in development.

3. advanced concepts proven by development practice

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in the face of the new normal of China’s economic development, the transition period of world economic development, and the new development pattern of new breakthroughs in the development of world science and technology, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has adhered to the new development concept to lead the new normal of economic development, accelerated the formation of a mechanism and environment that advocates innovation, pays attention to coordination, advocates green, cultivates openness, and promotes sharing, and promotes economic and social development to achieve historic achievements. First, adhere to innovative development and promote the transformation of growth momentum. Vigorously implement the innovation-driven development strategy, the reform of the scientific and technological system has been greatly promoted, a large number of major scientific and technological achievements have come out one after another, and new technologies, new production ports, new industries and new formats have flourished;

The supporting role of new momentum on the economy has been significantly enhanced, and the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress has increased from 52.2% in 2012 to 57.5% in 2018, and the country’s comprehensive innovation ability ranks 17th in the world. Second, adhere to coordinated development and enhance the integrity of development. Major strategies such as the “Belt and Road” construction, the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt have been implemented, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has been planned and promoted, and the regional integration development of the Yangtze River Delta, ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin have been promoted, and the gap between regions has been narrowing. With the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, the gap between urban and rural income has narrowed from 3.13 times in 2011 to 2.2 in 201869 times. The third is to adhere to green development and enhance the sustainability of development. The concept of “green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains” is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, the intensity of energy and resource consumption has been greatly reduced, the prevention and control of air, water and soil pollution has achieved obvious results, and the environmental situation has been improved. Fourth, adhere to open development and create a new pattern of opening up. Advocating and promoting the joint construction of the “Belt and Road”, initiating the establishment of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, setting up the Silk Road Fund, and advocating the concept of win-win cooperation, the international space has broadened the international space for China’s development. Holding high the banner of trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and actively guiding economic globalization in the right direction, China’s influence on global economic development and its voice in global economic governance have been greatly enhanced. Fifth, adhere to shared development and enhance people’s sense of gain, happiness and security. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, more than 78 million new jobs have been created in cities and towns, the income of residents has generally increased faster than economic growth, decisive progress has been made in the battle against poverty, and the number of poor people has decreased by more than 93 million. The social security system covering urban and rural residents has been basically established, the level of security has steadily improved, the people’s health and medical care level has been rapidly improved, and the degree of equalization of basic public services has been continuously improved, forming the world’s largest middle-income group.

Under the guidance of the new development concept, China has successfully coped with the dual pressure of the continuous fermentation of the domestic “three-phase superposition” and the impact of the international financial crisis, maintained stable economic and social development, and reached a new level of economic strength and comprehensive national strength. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China’s economy has grown by an average of about 7% per year, and the total economic volume has increased from 54 trillion yuan in 2012 to 99 trillion yuan in 2019. China’s contribution rate to the world economy exceeds 30% annually, becoming the main power source and stabilizer of world economic growth. Fundamentally speaking, the historic achievements of China’s economic and social development are the result of unswervingly implementing the new development concept, resolutely correcting the concept of development, transforming the mode of development, and improving the quality and efficiency of development. Practice has fully proved that the new development concept is an advanced concept guiding China’s development practice in the new era, and an important guideline that China’s economic and social development must adhere to for a long time.