The Planet Marduk

Sometime after 2000 BC, Marduk, son of Enki, was the successful winner of a contest with Ninurta, son of Enlil, for supremacy among the gods.

The Babylonians then revised the original Sumerian “Epic of Creation,” expunged from it all references to Ninurta and most references to Enlil, and renamed the invading planet Marduk.

The actual elevation of Marduk to the status of “King of the Gods” on Earth came with the establishment of the planet of the Nefilim.

Marduk was the “Great Heavenly Body” and the “One Who Illumines.”

The theory was advanced that Marduk was a Babylonian Sun God, parallel to the Egyptian god Ra, whom the scholars also considered a Sun God.

Texts describing Marduk as he “who scans the heights of the distant heavens … wearing a halo whose brilliance is awe-inspiring” appeared to support this theory.

But the same text continued to say that “he surveys the lands like Shamash [the Sun].”

If Marduk was in some respects akin to the Sun, he could not, of course, be the Sun.

Marduk was described as a reddish planet. It made Mars a candidate.

But the texts placed Marduk in markas shame (“in the center of Heaven”). This convinced most scholars that the proper identification should be Jupiter, which is located in the center of the line of planets:

Jupiter-Mercury-Venus-Earth-Mars-Saturn-Uranus-Neptune-Pluto

This theory suffers from a contradiction.

The same scholars who put it forward were the ones who held the view that the Chaldeans were unaware of the planets beyond Saturn.

These scholars list Earth as a planet, while contending that the Chaldeans thought of Earth as a flat center of the planetary system.

They omit the Moon, which the Mesopotamians most definitely counted among the “celestial gods.”

The equating of the 12th Planet with Jupiter simply does not work out.

The “Epic of Creation” clearly states that Marduk was an invader from outside the solar system, passing by the outer planets (including Saturn and Jupiter) before colliding with Tiamat.

The Sumerians called the planet NIBIRU, the “planet of crossing,” and the Babylonian version of the epic retained the following astronomical information:

These lines provide the additional and conclusive information that in dividing the other planets into two equal groups, the 12th Planet in “the midst of Tiamat keeps crossing”.

Its orbit takes it again and again to the site of the celestial battle, where Tiamat used to be.

Marduk appeared somewhere between Jupiter and Mars.

If Marduk’s orbit takes it to where Tiamat once was, relatively near us (between Mars and Jupiter), why have we not yet seen this planet, which is supposedly large and bright?

The Mesopotamian texts spoke of Marduk as reaching unknown regions of the skies and the far reaches of the universe.

“He scans the hidden knowledge … he sees all the quarters of the universe.”

He was described as the “monitor” of all the planets, one whose orbit enables him to encircle all the others.

“He keeps hold on their bands [orbits]” makes a “hoop” around them.

His orbit was “loftier” and “grander” than that of any other planet.

It thus occurred to Franz Kugler (Sternkunde und Sterndienst in Babylon) that Marduk was a fast-moving celestial body, orbiting in a great elliptical path just like a comet.

Such an elliptical path, focused on the Sun as a center of gravity, has an apogee—the point farthest from the Sun, where the return flight begins—and a perigee—the point nearest the Sun, where the return to outer space begins.

We find that two such “bases” are indeed associated with Marduk in the Mesopotamian texts. The Sumerian texts described the planet as going from AN.UR (“Heaven’s base”) to E.NUN (“lordly abode”).

The Creation epic said of Marduk:

One “abode” was thus “outstanding”—far in the deep regions of space. The other was established in the “Heaven,” within the asteroid belt, between Mars and Jupiter. (Fig.111)

Following the teachings of their Sumerian forefather, Abraham of Ur, the ancient Hebrews also associated their supreme deity with the supreme planet.

Like the Mesopotamian texts, many books of the Old Testament describe the “Lord” has having his abode in the “heights of Heaven,” where he “beheld the foremost planets as they were arisen”; a celestial Lord who, unseen, “in the heavens moves about in a circle.” The Book of Job, having described the celestial collision, contains these significant verses telling us where the lordly planet had gone: